مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال بیستم شماره 1 (پیاپی 59، بهار 1401)

 Preeclampsia (PE) is a heterogeneous pregnancy disease which the exact pathophysiology of it is unknown. Recently exosomes have been indicated as a causative factor in the pathogenesis of PE. The aim of the study was to investigate in microarray library data to extract the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PE and to perform a functional enrichment analysis to predict the role of DEGs in pathogenesis of PE.

GSE10588 microarray library data was analyzes by GEO2R and R package (version 4.1.0). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to analyze the normality of the data. Annotation analysis was performed by Enrichr, DAVID 6.8 and PANTHER 16.

Microarray data analysis showed that LEP, OR8G2 and DST genes had the highest expression and PTCH1 and ZNF598 genes had the lowest expression in placenta of preeclamtic women. Cellular component analysis showed that most of the extracted genes are related to extracellular exosome. In addition, response to hypoxia, cell-cell adhesion, brain development and galactose metabolism are the pathways that enriched.

Extracellular exosome, response to hypoxia and galactose metabolism need more attention and investigation in PE.

Due to the relatively high prevalence of benign breast diseases in women and the hormonal relationship in puberty and regulating the growth rate of epithelial cells and stromal cells of the breast, more attention to these effective hormonal factors will be effective in reducing the prevalence of these diseases.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 610 women referred to Khatam Al-Anbia Breast Cancer Clinic in Jahrom participated in 2019. The data collection tool in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire that the validity of this questionnaire was determined by 5 professors of the Department of Surgery and Obstetrics and its reliability was determined by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha test of 85%.

610 women aged 20-60 years who referred to Khatamah Al-Anbia Clinic in Jahrom participated in the study. The history of hyperlipidemia in women participating in the study had the highest frequency in fibroadenoma and non-fibroadenoma groups. Also in the fibroadenoma group, 30.2% of women were overweight and 10.4% obese, while in the group without fibroadenoma, 43.7% of women were overweight and 24.6% were obese. Regarding the use of hormonal drugs, the results of logistic regression by modulating the effect of age and BMI showed that the duration of use of OCP, OR = 0.93 (CI: 0.55,1.56)) was not significantly associated with the chance of developing benign breast masses (PV: 0.78)

The results of this study showed that the use of birth control pills (OCP) is not associated with the occurrence of benign breast diseases.

 In arthroplasty, spinal anesthesia was preferred to general anesthesia for a variety of reasons due to the use of cement. the side effects of cement on the cardiovascular system of patients, which can be catastrophic, it,s necessary to find appropriate treatment methods to reduce side effects of cement.

In this clinical trial, 90 patients were arthroplasty candidates divided into three groups. The first group 25 mg intravenous promethazine, the second 10 mg intravenous ephedrine and the control group the equivalent volume of distilled intravenous water 10 minutes before cement injection received. Hemodynamic symptoms of patients entering the operating room, after spinal, immediately before injection. The drug was recorded after injection, five and ten minutes after cement injection. Data analysis by descriptive and inferential levels.

  promethazine and ephedrine and control groups in systolic blood pressure at the time after drug injection and five and ten minutes after cement and diastolic blood pressure at 10 minutes after cement were significant(p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the study groups in heart rate at five minutes after cementing (p = 0.041) and also in terms of O2 SAT at time of arrival (p = 0.001).

 According to the results of the study, in patients with arthroplasty by injection of cement due to hemodynamic changes, the use of ephedrine and promethazine can affect the hemodynamic stability of patients and help stabilize systolic blood pressure (ephedrine) and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate (promethazine) To minimize the complications of these surgeries

Doxorubicin leads to lipid profile disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (zingiber officinale) on the lipid profile of male rats after receiving doxorubicin.

In this experimental study, 63 adult male rats were divided into 7 groups of 9: control group, sham group: received distilled water. Experimental group 1 received 20 mg / kg doxorubicin and experimental groups 2 and 3 received 300 and 600 mg / kg of hydroalcoholic extract of ginger, respectively. Experimental groups 5 and 4 received doxorubicin and hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (600 mg / kg + 600 mg / kg) mg / kg (300 mg / kg + 300 mg / kg), respectively. After the drug dose, blood samples were collected and serum levels of lipid profiles were measured. SPSS19 software, ANOVA and Tukey test were used for data analysis.

Serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were significantly increased in the doxorubicin group compared to the control group. Serum HDL cholesterol levels in the doxorubicin group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group. Serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in the groups (600 + 20 mg / kg) and 300 + 20 mg / kg) showed a significant decrease compared to the doxorubicin group (P <0.05).

Ginger hydroalcoholic extract probably improved its lipid profile after receiving doxorubicin due to its antioxidant properties.

Due to the great importance of maintaining vaccination coverage in children, this study examined the delay in vaccination at birth, 2, 4, and 6 months, which has recently decreased due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 213 children in 2 groups in Abadan, Iran in 2020. The children who were born from 21 March to 22 September in the years of 2019 and 2020, were divided into groups of 1 and 2. Then based on demographic data, the delay vaccination was compared between two groups, the data was gained from the Sina system and analyzed by chi-square test.

The coverage vaccination decreased during pandemic COVID-19. The percent of no vaccination at birth, 2, 4, and 6 months in 2020 was higher than in 2019, timely vaccination in 2020 was lesser than in 2019 ones. Our data showed that the continuing vaccination depends on the education of parents, age, and weight of the child, but there was no significant association between vaccination and the other demographic variables.

 Regarding high coverage vaccination in Iran, health officer, and health policy maker should attempt to preserve high immunization coverage during pandemic COVID-19, especially in areas with low literature and crowded families.

Severe stressful events are associated with the risk of mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Due to the negative effects of anti-anxiety drugs, researcher’s attention have been focused on finding natural ingredients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of oleuropein on anxiety induced by acute stress in male rats.

Materials and Methodes:

To induce Acute restraint stress (ARS) mice immobilizated in restrainer 2 hours for one time; then an electric shock (2 minutes 0.5mA) were used. Mice under acute stress were randomly divided into 5 groups including control group (under acute stress receiving normal saline), intervention groups (under acute stress receiving oleuropein at doses of 7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg and positive control (under acute stress receiving diazepam).

In ARS mice treated with 30mg/kg of oleurpein significantly increased the time spent in the open arms and decreased the time spent in the closed arms of elevated plus maze (EPM)  p<0.05 . Administration of different doses of oleuropein increase the capacity of anti -oxidants and decreased levels of serum malondialdehyde in rat brain and in ARS mice) p<0.05). 

It seems that, the effectiveness of oleuropein on anxiety in rats under acute stress may via reducing oxidative stress.

Multiple drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains have spread in different parts of hospitals. The aim of this study was to design and synthesize an effective hybrid peptide by combining different parts of two peptides to achieve the highest antibacterial activity and its inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

From two antimicrobial peptides MELITININ + BMAP27, a hybrid peptide of the both peptides was considered and synthesized. The antibacterial effect of this peptide on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was determined.

P. aeruginosa exhibited a growth inhibition zone with a diameter of 15 mm and S. aureus by creating a growth inhibition zone of 16 mm in diameter. Further, at 0.5% peptide concentration, P. aeruginosa exhibited a growth inhibition zone with a diameter of 19 mm and S. aureus outlined a growth inhibition zone with a diameter of 20 mm against peptide. clinical strains from both bacterial species demonstrated higher resistance rates to antibiotics and peptides. In some concentrations, the combination of peptides and antibiotics increased the susceptibility of bacterial species but was not significant in all concentrations.

A hybrid peptide consisting of two peptides, melitinin and BMAP-27, has antibacterial effect on clinical and standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The combination of this peptide with antibiotics can be effective in reducing side effects and antibiotic resistance.

 A growing amount of evidence has revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed single-stranded non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), play significant roles in initiation and progression of breast cancer (BC) through different mechanisms.  This study aims to investigate the hsa_circ_0003098 expression and its potential roles in BC, as well as the circRNA/miRNA/mRNA crosstalk in these contexts.

Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to assess the expression of hsa_circ_0003098 in the breast tumors compared with adjacent normal tissues. Its association with different demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients was assessed by statistical analysis. Finally, we used bioinformatic approaches to uncover the potential circRNA/miRNA/mRNA axes using some databases and software.

 Our results revealed that hsa_circ_0003098 expression is significantly upregulated in BC tumors compared with the adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, hsa_circ_0003098 over-expression is significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and hair dye use. Next, we found that this circRNA can regulate key mRNAs and miRNAs in the ceRNA network.

 It is suggested that hsa_circ_0006960, which is significantly up-expressed in breast tumors and associated with lymph node metastasis, could play key roles in the physiopathology of breast cancer through sponging off the miRNAs involved in hsa_circ_0003098/miRNAs/mRNAs network.

According to experts, Stress and anxiety can weaken the immune system and make people vulnerable to diseases such as corona virus. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach and Tai chi Exercises on Anxiety due to Corona Disease in students.

A Semi-experimental design was conducted (pre-test and post-test) with two experimental and one control groups. 45 female students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz who had higher scores on the Corona virus Anxiety Scale were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. For the first group, Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach training (10 sessions) and for the second group, Tai chi Exercises (10 sessions) was applied and the control group did not receive any training. Prior and after the training, the subjects completed Corona virus Anxiety Scale Alipour et al. (2020).

The results showed that the mean scores of Corona Disease Anxiety and its components (psychological and physical symptoms) reduced significantly in the Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach training group comparison to Tai chi exercises group and in the Tai chi Exercises group comparison to the control group in the post-test (P<0.05).

The results showed that Hope Therapy Based on Cognitive-Spiritual Approach is more effective in reducing corona disease anxiety in female students than Tai chi exercises.